Palabras clave
Veterinaria
Porcino
Salud animal
Patógenos
Porcino
Salud animal
Patógenos
Cómo citar
Llivi Marcatoma, J., Mira Naranjo, M., Bravo Morocho, W., Martínez Zambrano, J., & Mena Miño, L. (2024). Enfermedades bacterianas entéricas en cerdos neonatos: Una revisión bibliográfica. Revista Latinoamericana De Difusión Científica, 6(11), 40-64. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12686514
Resumen
Durante las primeras semanas de vida, muchos lechones experimentan problemas digestivos de difícil diagnóstico debido a la interacción de varios agentes infecciosos que pueden causar enteritis, ya sea de manera independiente o combinada. Escherichia coli enterotoxigénica (ECET), Clostridium perfringens (CpA, CpC) y Clostridium difficile (CDI) son patógenos clave en las enteritis multifactoriales que afectan a los cerdos. Estas enfermedades ocasionan importantes problemas en las explotaciones pecuarias, como aumento de la mortalidad, retraso en el crecimiento y dificultades para alcanzar el peso ideal de sacrificio. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica fue proporcionar una visión completa y actualizada sobre las enteritis causadas principalmente por bacterias en cerdos neonatos, revisando la patogenia de la enfermedad, sus manifestaciones clínicas y los métodos de diagnóstico empleados para la identificación del patógeno. La metodología utilizada incluyó la búsqueda exhaustiva de la literatura científica a través de palabras clave y operadores booleanos en la base de datos PUBMED. Los resultados de esta revisión resaltan la importancia del diagnóstico precoz y preciso para el control y prevención de la enteritis en cerdos neonatos, especialmente aquellas causadas por Escherichia coli y Clostridium perfringens tipo C.
Citas
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Amann, R., Fuchs, B. M., & Behrens, S. (2001). The identification of microorganisms by fluorescence in situ hybridisation. Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 12(3), 231-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0958-1669(00)00204-4
Béla, N., & Péter, F. (2005). Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in veterinary medicine. International Journal of Medical Microbiology, 295, 443-454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2005.07.003
Bergeland, M., & Steven, H. (1982). Infectious diarrheas of young pigs. Symposium on diagnosis and treatment of swine diseases, 4, 389-399.
Canal, A., Cubilllos, V., Zamora, J., Reinhardt, G., Paredes, E., Ildefonso, R., & Alberdi, A. (1999). Lesiones macro y microscópicas de intestino delgado de cerdos neonatos sin calostrar inoculados experimentalmente con cepas de E. coli fimbriadas. En Archivos de medicina veterinaria (Vol. 31, pp. 69-79). scielocl.
Chan, G., Farzan, A., Delay, J., McEwen, B., & Prescott, J. F. (2013). A retrospective study on the etiological diagnoses of diarrhea in neonatal piglets in Ontario, Canada, between 2001 and 2010. The Canadian Journal of Veterinary reseaarch. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24124267
Chan, G., Farzan, A., Soltes, G., Nicholson, V. M., Pei, Y., Friendship, R., & Prescott, J. F. (2012). The epidemiology of Clostridium perfringens type A on Ontario swine farms, with special reference to cpb2-positive isolates. BMC Veterinary Research, 156, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-8-156
Cruz, E., Salvarani, F., Silva, R., Silva, M., Lobato, F., & Guedes, R. (2013). A surveillance of enteropathogens in piglets from birth to seven days of age in Brazil. Pesquisa Veterinaria Brasileira, 33(8), 963-969. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2013000800002
Deprez, P. (2015). Clostridium perfringens infections A diagnostic challenge. Veterinary Record, 177(15), 388. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.h5428
Do, K. H., Byun, J. W., & Lee, W. K. (2019). Prevalence of O-serogroups, virulence genes, and F18 antigenic variants in Escherichia coli isolated from weaned piglets with diarrhea in Korea during 2008-2016. Journal of Veterinary Science, 20(1), 43-50. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2019.20.1.43
Dubreuil, J. D., Isaacson, R. E., & Schifferli, D. M. (2016). Animal enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. HHS Public Access, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.1128/ecosalplus.ESP-0006-2016.ANIMAL
Francis, D. H. (2002). Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in pigs and its diagnosis. Journal of Swine Health and Production, 10(4), 171-175.
Frankel, G., & Phillips, A. D. (2008). Attaching effacing Escherichia coli and paradigms of Tir-triggered actin polymerization: Getting off the pedestal. Cellular Microbiology, 10(3), 549-556. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.01103.x
Frydendahl, K. (2002). Prevalence of serogroups and virulence genes in Escherichia coli associated with postweaning diarrhoea and edema disease in pigs and a comparison of diagnostic approaches. Veterinary Microbiology, 85, 169-182.
García-Meniño, I., García, V., Mora, A., Díaz-Jiménez, D., Flament-Simon, S. C., Alonso, M. P., Blanco, J. E., Blanco, M., & Blanco, J. (2018). Swine enteric colibacillosis in Spain: Pathogenic potential of mcr-1 ST10 and ST131 E. Coli Isolates. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9(NOV), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02659
Grzeskowiak, Ł., Hailemariam, T., Zentek, J., & Vahjen, W. (2019). Developing Gut Microbiota Exerts Colonisation Resistance to Clostridium ( syn . Clostridioides ) di ffi cile in Piglets. Microorganisms, 7, 1-11.
Grzéskowiak, L., Zentek, J., & Vahjen, W. (2016). Determination of the extent of Clostridium difficile colonisation and toxin accumulation in sows and neonatal piglets. Elsevier, 40, 5-9. https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/S1075996416300397?token=96D37D18B73EAC912B466574CE8C023FDD997C9E35B3BADE085100C3C4E9F1F646753F5E41C36F5C130BEAEB73A1870D
Hayakawa, T., Masuda, T., Kurosawa, D., & Tsukahara, T. (2016). Dietary administration of probiotics to sows and/or their neonates improves the reproductive performance, incidence of post-weaning diarrhea and histopathological parameters in the intestine of weaned piglets. Animal Science Journal, 87(12), 1501-1510. https://doi.org/10.1111/asj.12565
Jackson, P., & Cockcroft, P. (2007). Infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. En Elsevier (Ed.), Handbook of pig medicine (1era Edici, p. 91). Elsevier.
Jonach, B., Boye, M., Stockmarr, A., & Jensen, T. K. (2014). Fluorescence in situ hybridization investigation of potentially pathogenic bacteria involved in neonatal porcine diarrhea. BMC Veterinary Research, 10, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-10-68
Ki, L., Seong, S., Yong, K., Ha, K., Jae, S., & Don, A. (2014). Distribution of Clostridium perfringens isolates from piglets in South Korea. Veterinary Medical Science, 1-5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4073346/pdf/jvms-76-745.pdf
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Kyne, L., Stein, K., Egan, S., Lynch, H., Herra, C., Mcdermott, S., Kuijper, E., Fitzpatrick, F., Fitzgerald, S., Fenelon, L., & Drudy, D. (2017). Anaerobe PCR-ribotype distribution of Clostridium dif fi cile in Irish pigs. 48, 237-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.10.004
Lazo Pérez, L. (2010). Colibacilosis Entérica Porcina (L. Ravelo Romero, Ed.). Editorial Samuel Feijòo.
Luppi, A. (2017). Swine enteric colibacillosis: diagnosis, therapy and antimicrobial resistance. Porcine Health Management, 3, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-017-0063-4
Mesonero-Escuredo, S., Strutzberg-Minder, K., Casanovas, C., & Segalés, J. (2018). Viral and bacterial investigations on the aetiology of recurrent pig neonatal diarrhoea cases in Spain. Porcine Health Management, 4, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-018-0083-8
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Morris, W., & Fernández, M. (2009). Toxina de Clostridium perfringens. Revista Argentina de Microbiología, 41, 251-260. http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=213016781010
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Bergeland, M., & Steven, H. (1982). Infectious diarrheas of young pigs. Symposium on diagnosis and treatment of swine diseases, 4, 389-399.
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Chan, G., Farzan, A., Delay, J., McEwen, B., & Prescott, J. F. (2013). A retrospective study on the etiological diagnoses of diarrhea in neonatal piglets in Ontario, Canada, between 2001 and 2010. The Canadian Journal of Veterinary reseaarch. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24124267
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Deprez, P. (2015). Clostridium perfringens infections A diagnostic challenge. Veterinary Record, 177(15), 388. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.h5428
Do, K. H., Byun, J. W., & Lee, W. K. (2019). Prevalence of O-serogroups, virulence genes, and F18 antigenic variants in Escherichia coli isolated from weaned piglets with diarrhea in Korea during 2008-2016. Journal of Veterinary Science, 20(1), 43-50. https://doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2019.20.1.43
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Francis, D. H. (2002). Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection in pigs and its diagnosis. Journal of Swine Health and Production, 10(4), 171-175.
Frankel, G., & Phillips, A. D. (2008). Attaching effacing Escherichia coli and paradigms of Tir-triggered actin polymerization: Getting off the pedestal. Cellular Microbiology, 10(3), 549-556. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.01103.x
Frydendahl, K. (2002). Prevalence of serogroups and virulence genes in Escherichia coli associated with postweaning diarrhoea and edema disease in pigs and a comparison of diagnostic approaches. Veterinary Microbiology, 85, 169-182.
García-Meniño, I., García, V., Mora, A., Díaz-Jiménez, D., Flament-Simon, S. C., Alonso, M. P., Blanco, J. E., Blanco, M., & Blanco, J. (2018). Swine enteric colibacillosis in Spain: Pathogenic potential of mcr-1 ST10 and ST131 E. Coli Isolates. Frontiers in Microbiology, 9(NOV), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2018.02659
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Jonach, B., Boye, M., Stockmarr, A., & Jensen, T. K. (2014). Fluorescence in situ hybridization investigation of potentially pathogenic bacteria involved in neonatal porcine diarrhea. BMC Veterinary Research, 10, 1-8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-6148-10-68
Ki, L., Seong, S., Yong, K., Ha, K., Jae, S., & Don, A. (2014). Distribution of Clostridium perfringens isolates from piglets in South Korea. Veterinary Medical Science, 1-5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4073346/pdf/jvms-76-745.pdf
Knight, D. R., Squire, M. M., & Riley, T. V. (2014). Laboratory Detection of Clostridium difficile in Piglets in Australia. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 52. https://doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01225-14
Kyne, L., Stein, K., Egan, S., Lynch, H., Herra, C., Mcdermott, S., Kuijper, E., Fitzpatrick, F., Fitzgerald, S., Fenelon, L., & Drudy, D. (2017). Anaerobe PCR-ribotype distribution of Clostridium dif fi cile in Irish pigs. 48, 237-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anaerobe.2017.10.004
Lazo Pérez, L. (2010). Colibacilosis Entérica Porcina (L. Ravelo Romero, Ed.). Editorial Samuel Feijòo.
Luppi, A. (2017). Swine enteric colibacillosis: diagnosis, therapy and antimicrobial resistance. Porcine Health Management, 3, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-017-0063-4
Mesonero-Escuredo, S., Strutzberg-Minder, K., Casanovas, C., & Segalés, J. (2018). Viral and bacterial investigations on the aetiology of recurrent pig neonatal diarrhoea cases in Spain. Porcine Health Management, 4, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40813-018-0083-8
Miclard, J., Jaggi, M., Sutter, E., Wyder, M., Grabscheid, B., Posthaus, H., Miclard, J., & Ja, M. (2009). Clostridium perfringens beta-toxin targets endothelial cells in necrotizing enteritis in piglets. Veterinary Microbiology, 137, 320-325. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2009.01.025
Morris, W., & Fernández, M. (2009). Toxina de Clostridium perfringens. Revista Argentina de Microbiología, 41, 251-260. http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=213016781010
Otávio, R., Silva, S., Oliveira, C. A., Roberto, J. I., Carvalho Guedes, M., Carlos, F., & Lobato, F. (2015). Clostridium perfringens: a review of the disease in pigs, horses and broiler chickens Clostridium perfringens: uma revisão da doença em suínos, equinos e frangos de corte. Ciencia Rural, 45(6), 1027-1034. https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20140927
Perfumo, C. J., Quiroga, M. A., & Machuca, M. A. (2019). Complejo enterico en porcinos. En Universidad Nacional de la Plata (Ed.), Compendio de clínica y sanidad de los cerdos (Primera, pp. 58-89). Editorial de la Universidad de la Plata.
Pirs, T., Ocepek, M., & Rupnik, M. (2006). Isolation of Clostridium difficile from food animals in Slovenia. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 57, 790-792. https://doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.47669-0
Posthaus, H., Kittl, S., Tarek, B., & Bruggisser, J. (2020). Clostridium perfringens type C necrotic enteritis in pigs: diagnosis, pathogenesis, and prevention. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, 32(2), 203-212. https://doi.org/10.1177/1040638719900180
Ramis, G. (2011). Diarrea colibacilar y enfermedad de los edemas. En Servet (Ed.), Patología digestiva del cerdo (p. 53).
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